Apparatus for mixing gas and air



(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 1.I E.- B DENNY. APPARATUS POR MIXING GAS AND AIR. No.416,7176. Patented Dee. 10, 1889.

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 2.

E."B.DENNY. APPARATUS POR MIXING GAS AND A1B. l No. 416,776. Patented Deo. 1,0, 1889.

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(No Model.) 4 sheets-sheet 3.

E'. B. DBNNY. i APPARATUS POR MIXING GAS AND AIR.

No. 416,776. Patented Dec. .10, 1889.

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(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 4.

E. B. DENNY. APPARATUS PoR MIXING GAS AND AIR.

M No. 416,776. Patented Dec. 10, 1889."

' UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.`

EDWARD B. DENNY, OF NEWARK, NEW JERSEY.

APPARATUS FOR MIXING GAS`AND AIR.

sPEoIFroATIoN forming part of Letters Patent No. 11er/'adema December 1o, 188e.

Application filed June 23, 1886. Serial No. 205,982. i (No model.)

To @ZZ whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that I, EDWARD B. DENNY, a citizen of the United States, residing at Newark, in the county of Essex and State of New Jersey, have invented new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for Mixing Gas and Air, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in apparatus for mixing aeriform fluids, and is especially useful to me in mixing air with gasoline-gas for producing a uniform quality of gas for illuminating and heating purposes. For this purpose I provide an apparatus in which are employed two coacting meters, one..

for each of the'fluids to be mixed, and each operated by the pressure of the fluid passing through it, in combination with devices for regulating the relative delivery movements of said meters to secure in the mixture any desired proportion of each of the fluids. To. effect a perfect commingling of the separate fluids, they may be passed through asuitable mixing-chamber on their way to the point of combustion. p

I will now describe more particularly my improved air and gas mixer in connection with a carbureting-machine, and point out byspeciiic claims the matters which consti-` tute my improvements.

Y bined with the air-pump and the generator.'

Referring to the accompanying drawings, Figure l represents a vertical section of my improved apparatus for mixing gas and air;

Fig. 2, a horizontal central section of the same; Fig. 3, a vertical central section taken through the air-meter wheel. Fig. 4 shows a vertical longitudinal section of the mixingchamber, and Fig. 5 showsr the mixer com- 'erably made to communicate at E below the water-level. One of these meter-wheels B is for gas, and the other A is for air, andy-the inclosing-case for each has a central linlet F for the fluid below the water-line and discharge openings G for the fluid above the wafer-line.

The fluid-inlet for each meter-wheel consists of a tube F, Fig. 2, fitted horizontally in the inclosing-case, and, extending into the drum, rises by a branch tube H, Fig. 3, above the water-line in a manner well known in the construction of wetemeter Wheels.

The buckets I of the meter-wheels are so formed as to receive the fluid from the Vdrum J at one end of thewheel and discharge it into the inclosing-case at the other end of the wheel. rate shafts K, oneend of each having its bearing in a socket f,formed in the end of the inlet-tube F, While the other end of each shaft passes through a stuffing-boxL of the case and is provided with a cone-pulley M outside of the case, by which the two meter-wheels are connected by a belt N, by which their co-operation is secured. These cone-pulleys are arranged in reverse positions, so that the shifting of the belt thereon will control the relative delivery movements of the gas and air meter wheels in a manner to cause the admixture of any desired proportions of the fluids passing through them. 'One of the meter-cases (preferably the air-meter) is provided with a vertical tube P, Fig. 3, suitably capped at its outer end, extending from the top to near the bottom of the case, by which the water is introduced and the pipe sealed therein against the escape of the duid. As these meter-wheel cases are made to communicate, both are thereby filled through the The wheels are mounted upon sepasame tube, the level of the water in both being gaged by a suitable sight-gage, petcock, or plug Q. At the bottom of eachmeter-case there is a screw-plug R, by which the Water `may be drawn off. At the meeting sides of IOO ` apparatus whether the meters be wet or dry. I prefer to make the air-meter wheel smaller than the gas-meter wheel, so as to leave a to escape therefrom at the outlet T, and thereby break any currents in the flow to the supply-pipe, as shown in Fig. 4. The placing of the two meter-wheels on the same level makes it necessary to have but one water-filler and one water-gage, insures the same relative discharge from each meter, gives a convenient placing for the mixing-chamber, and avoids the danger which would attend the placing of a water filler or gageo'n the gasmeter case. Y

This apparatus may be used for mixing any fluids that can be delivered to it under pressure sufficient to operate the wheels in the water seal, and it will be understood that the pressure of the fluids alone operates the space in the case of the latter for the introduction and sealing of the water-filling pipe,

but to obtain the more important advantage of permitting` the use of comparatively small cone-pulleys, because in the mixture of gasoline-gas with air the maximum quantity of@ air required may be obtained by placing the belt upon the fastest feed of the air-wheel,

while by placing the belt upon the oppositez ends of the cone-pulleys a smaller quantity: of air is obtained, and thus the minimum:y

quantity of air is added to the mixture when the gas requires the least dilution.

The meter-wheels are filled with the seal-1 ing-liquid to the gage, and the fluids to be` mixed are introduced into their respective meter-wheels under pressure and operate them in passing through the buckets thereof,

Y filling the spaces of the inclosing-cases above outlets under the same pressure.

the water seal under the same pressure, and; passing therefrom through the case-openings into the mixing-chamber, and thence to the When any outlet is made, the wheels will revolve to supply the outflow, and the relative delivery movements of the wheels will be determined by the position of the belt upon the cone-pulleys, which of course will determine the relai 7 tive proportions of the fluids passing to the mixing-chamber.

If the volume of one of the'fluids is in excess of the requirements,

then :the relative proportions may be easily `andquickly changed by shifting the belt upon the cone-pulleys. More particularly,

the position of the belt upon the'cone-pulleysE shown will give what may be called the fastest feed 7-that is, it will give a much v mediate .grooves of the cone-pulleys any desired proportions of the fluids may be obtained to give the desired mixture.

In usingv my gas and lair mixer with what is known as a gasoline-gas machine I have no difficulty 1n obtaining a uniform mixture of the gas and air whether the pressure upon the two fluids at their entrance into the apparatus is equal or unequal, since both of the fluids must pass through the apparatus, wherein any unequal pressure is neutralized by means which make the meter-Wheels cooperative in their operation to regulate the proportions of gas and air. This co-operating action of the meter-wheels acts to steady the pressure of the outflowing mixture even though one or both of the fluids may be received under an unsteady or variable pressure.

I prefer to use the cone-pulleys as the means for vregulating the relative delivery movements of the meter-wheels, because they admit of being connected for operation with the least possible friction, because their connecting-belt can be adjusted easily and quickly, because it is comparatively inexpensive in construction and adds little to the weight of the meter-shafts, because they admit of endwise play of the meter-wheel shafts to avoid endwise friction in their journalbearings, and because it is animportant matter to avoid all possible friction, which causes an unsteady pressure in the outflow of the mixture, which would result from the use of metal gearing, which is liable to expand and contract and to become clogged and to bind.

I prefer to use separate and independent meter-wheel cases, because the fluid from each can be delivered therefrom under pressure in streams into the fibrous material of the mixer, and thereby more perfectly effect their commingling, and because it practically isolates the gas from the air until they enter the mixing-chamber, and thereby prevents the mixing operation from taking place within the meter-wheel closures, and because the gas is excluded from the closure of the air-wheel, which contains the water-filler and liller P and gageQ within the closure of thel air-meter wheel, so that if-either of them should leak the escaping fluid would do no harm. v

In Fig: 5 I have shown my gas and air mixer combined with an air-pump and generator of what is known as a gasoline-gas machine,in which U is the air-pump, which is driven by the weight V and its suspending-cord acting in the usual manner upon the drum of the pump-shaft. The generator W may be buried in the earth outside of the house, and is provided with a filling-pipe 0 the air-supply pipe b connecting with the pump and with the meter-wheel tube F by pipe b2, and the gas-delivery pipe c connecting with the gas-meter-wheel tube F.

I find in gas-mixing machines that two connected meter-wheels have been usedin independent water-containing chambers for mixing gases, in which one of said wheels transmits a positive motion to the other and in which gearing devices are employed for transmitting this positive motion, operating so that IOO IIO

the relative speed of the two meter-wheels and the quantity of gases of different consistencies measured by either of them may be varied by adjusting the gearing of the wheel devices for regulating the delivery movements. I find, however, that to maintain the same relative discharge of gas and air from independent water-containing chambers by coacting meter-wheels it is important to produce satisfactory results that the speed-regulating device be of the simplest construction and under convenient control, whereby the minimum quantity of air may be added to the mixture when the gas requires the least dilution. For this purpose I employ the wellknown belt-connected cone-pulleys, and in such use I iind much better results and advantages t-han can be obtained from gearing, for the reasons which I have hereinbefore stated.

As compared with gearing, the cone-pulley device for regulating the delivery movements of both meter-wheels to obtain in the mixture any desired proportion of `each of the uds affords the important advantage of being easily and quickly adjusted, because to obtain the maximum quantity of air for the gas the belt need only be placed upon that end of the cone of the air-wheel shaft which gives the fastest feed. Then when a smaller quantity of air is required the belt can be quickly changed to the opposite ends of the cone-pulleys and the gas is least diluted. Added to this facility for adjustment are the advantages of lightness and freedom from binding and from friction'incident to cogwheels.

The provision of meter-wheels of unequal capacity operating within communicating chambers of equal capacity gives the advantage of using comparatively small cone-pulleys for regulating the speed of the wheels,`

while the communicating chambers permit the gas-chamber to be supplied with water from the air-chamber.

As shown in Fig. 2,tl1e small end of the cone is placed inward upon the shaft containing the small air-wheel, while the large end of the other cone-pulley is placed inward upon the shaft of the large gas-wheel, and this is the arrangement which gives the minimum quantity of air when the gas requires the least dilution, and whichpermits the airwheel to be made smaller than the gas-wheel, and is thereby more easily operated by the air-pressure, because it has less resistance in moving through the water.

I claim- 1. In apparatus for mixing air and gas, the combination of the chambers having equal capacity for containing water with meterwheels of unequal capacity arranged therein upon independent shafts and the belt-connected cone-pulleys placed upon the shafts of the meter-wheels, substantially as deent shafts, the chamber C, having the wheel of least capacity, having also the water-sealed filling-tube, and the belt-connected cone-pulleys arranged upon said shafts in reverse relation to each other and to the meter-wheels, for the purposes stated.

3. The combination, in a gasoline-gas machine, of the independent chambers for containing water, the meter-wheels arranged therein, the generator, the air-pump, a mixer placed between said chambers, and the beltconnected cone-pulleys for regulating the speed of the meter-wheels for delivering both air and gas in proper quantities into the said mixer, substantially as described.

. 4. In a machine for mixing air and gas, the combination of the independent chambers of equal capacity adapted to contain water with air and gas meter wheels operating therein having unequal capacity, the meter-wheel of least capacity being arranged in the air-chamber C, and the cone-pulleys arranged in relation described upon the shafts of said wheels, for the purpose stated.

l 5. In a machine for mixing air and gas, the independent water-containing chambers having communication below the water-line, communication above the water-line, and a mixing-chamber covering said Lipper communications, in combination with an air and a gas meter wheel arranged upon independent shafts within said chambers, as described and shown.

6. In a machine for mixing air and gas, the water-containing chambers and the air and gas meter wheels arranged therein upon independent shafts, in combination with means for regulating the operation of said wheels, consisting of the belt-connected cone-pulleys placed upon the shafts of said meter-wheels, substantially as described, for the purpose specified. Y

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

EDWARD B. DENNY.

Witnesses:

A. E. I-I. JOHNSON, ANNIE B. H. DnnANo,

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